Complications after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty and associated factors

This study aimed to analyze the incidence of vascular complications and associated factors in patients undergoing elective percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty. This study is observational, quantitative, and longitudinal, and followed 50 patients undergoing elective percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty. An instrument for the sociodemographic, clinical, procedure, and vascular complications characterization was used for data collection. And descriptive statistics, bivariate analysis, and multiple binomial logistic regression were used for data analysis. The level of statistical significance considered was 95%. It was detected the prevalence of male patients (70%), elderly (54%), and diagnosed with systemic arterial hypertension (72%). As for the percutaneous access route prevailed the radial approach (64%). Age and body mass index were identified as possible risk factors for vascular complications. In the 50 procedures performed, there was a prevalence of hematomas (20%) and bleeding (10%). Among the complications prevailed radial Early Discharge After Transradial Stenting of Coronary (60%), large femoral hematoma (20%), small femoral hematoma (20%), and bleeding (Bleeding Academic Research Consortium 2) (100%). The results concluded an elevated incidence of vascular complications in the first 24 hours after elective percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty. This study contributes to research, assistance, and training in health and nursing by identifying post-PTCA vascular complications, minimizing their progression, handling their management, and developing health care safety protocols.

Complicaciones en pacientes sometidos a Angioplastia Coronaria Transluminal Percutánea / Complications in patients undergoing Percutaneous Transluminal Coronary Angioplasty

Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo identificar las complicaciones locales y sistémicas en pacientes sometidos a Angioplastia Coronaria Transluminal Percutánea y los factores de riesgo que pueden influir en la aparición de estas complicaciones. Estudio prospectivo, transversal, con análisis cuantitativo de los datos que fueron recolectados de 127 pacientes en la Unidad de Hemodinámica y en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos del hospital campo de estudio. Los datos fueron analizados mediante estadística descriptiva. Para investigar la asociación entre los factores de riesgo y las complicaciones después de la Angioplastia Coronaria Transluminal Percutánea se utilizó prueba de Chi cuadrado. Se observó que 79 (62,2%) pacientes presentaron complicaciones. De éstos, 39 (49,4%) tuvieron complicaciones locales, 25 (31,7%), complicaciones sistémicas y 15 (18,9%) habían asociado las complicaciones locales y sistémicas. Hubo una asociación estadísticamente significativa (p<0,05) entre el uso continuo de los anticoagulantes después de la Angioplastia Coronaria Transluminal Percutánea y la presencia de complicaciones. Se encontró que la mayoría de los pacientes tuvo complicaciones y el uso de anticoagulante después del procedimiento está asociado con estas complicaciones(AU)

This research aimed to identify the local and systemic complications in patients undergoing Percutaneous Transluminal Coronary Angioplasty and risk factors that may influence the occurrence of these complications. It is a prospective cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach of the data that were collected from 127 patients in the Unit of Hemodynamic and in the Unit of Intensive Terapy of the hospital field of study. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. To investigate the association between risk factors and complications after Percutaneous Transluminal Coronary Angioplasty was used Chi-square test. It was observed that 79 (62.2%) patients had complications. Of these, 39 (49.4%) had local complications, 25 (31.7%) systemic complications and 15 (18.9%) had associated local and systemic complications. There was a statistically significant association (p<0,05) between the continuous use of anticoagulants after Percutaneous Transluminal Coronary Angioplasty and presence of complications. It was evident that most of the patients had complications and use of anticoagulant after the procedure is associated with these complications(AU)

Aspectos clínicos e epidemiológicos dos clientes submetidos à cineangiocoronariografia / Clinical and epidemiological aspects of patients who underwent coronary angiography / Aspectos clínicos y epidemiológicos de los clientes sometidos a cineangiocoronariografia

As doenças cardiovasculares representam a principal causa de morbimortalidade e estão associadas a vários fatores de risco. Trata-se de um estudo observacional, transversal, que teve como objetivos caracterizar os clientes submetidos à cineangiocoronariografia, segundo as variáveis socioeconômicas, clínicas e epidemiológicas, identificar os fatores de risco para coronariopatias e o conhecimento prévio sobre o procedimento. Foram entrevistados 107 clientes na Unidade de Hemodinâmica de um hospital de ensino de grande porte de Minas Gerais. Os dados foram analisados segundo estatística descritiva. A média de idade foi de 60,13 anos; 51,4% eram do sexo masculino; 75,7% afirmaram que tinham hipertensão arterial; 37,4%, que tinham história pregressa de infarto agudo do miocárdio; 46,7%, dislipidemia; 58,9%eram tabagistas; 25,2% etilistas; 70,1% sedentários; 35,5% tinham sobrepeso; 19,6% eram obesos; e 28,9% tinham diabetes mellitus. A maioria relatou que conhecia o procedimento e já o tinha realizado. Esses achados apontam para a necessidade de implementação de novos programas de prevenção de doença coronariana, tendo em vista os aspectos epidemiológicos identificados nessa população.

Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality. These diseases are associated with multiplerisk factors. This is an observational study that aimed to characterize patients who underwent coronary angiography, according to the socio, clinical and epidemiological variable and to identify the coronary heart disease risk factors and the patients’ previous knowledge about the procedure. We interviewed 107 clients in the catheterization lab of a large teaching hospital in Minas Gerais. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The average age was 60.13 years, 51.4% were male, 75.7% had hypertension, 37.4% had a history of myocardial infarction, 46.7% had dyslipidemia, 58.9% were smokers, 25.2% consumed alcohol, 70.1% were sedentary, 35.5% were overweight, 19.6% were obese and 28.9% had diabetes mellitus. Most patients reported being familiar with the procedure and had already been submitted to it previously. In view of the epidemiological aspects identified among this population the study findings highlight the need for the implementation of new programs directed to the prevention of coronary disease.

Las enfermedades cardiovasculares son la principal causa de morbilidad y mortalidad y están asociadas a múltiplesfactores de riesgo. Se trata de un estudio observacional con el objetivo de caracterizar los clientes sometidos a unacineangiocoronariografia según las variables socioeconómicas, clínicas y epidemiológicas, identificar los factores de riesgo para coronariocardiopatías y asimismo, los conocimientos sobre el procedimiento precedente. Entrevistamos a 107 clientes de la Unidad de Hemodinámica de un gran hospital escuela del Estado de Minas Gerais. Los datos fueron analizados utilizando la estadística descriptiva. La edad promedio fue de 60,13 años, 51,4% eran varones, 75,7% hipertensos, 37,4% tenía antecedentes de infarto de miocardio, 46,7%dislipemia, 58,9 % era fumadores, 25,2% consumía alcohol, 70,1% era sedentario, 35,5% estaba con sobrepeso, 19,6% era obeso y 28,9% tenía diabetes mellitus. La mayoría informó estar familiarizada con el procedimiento y que ya lo había realizado antes. Estos datos señalan lanecesidad de implementar nuevos programas para la prevención de la enfermedad coronaria, teniendo en cuenta los aspectos epidemiológicos identificados en esta población.